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Preoperative administration of cannabidiol (CBD) in healthy dogs undergoing elective surgery in Colombia: 16 Cases

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. The objective of this study is retrospectively review the effect of a single dose administration of two pharmaceutical grade CBD oils on basic cardiorespiratory parameters and anesthetic recovery of dogs undergoing elective surgery. Complete medical and anesthesia records of healthy dogs of the spay/neuter program of Corporaciòn Universitaria Santa Rosa de Cabal UNISARC whose owners approved a preoperative single dose of CBD were included for analysis. Dogs were considered clinically healthy based on physical examination, complete hemogram and serum creatinine and ALT concentration

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Randomized blinded controlled clinical trial to assess the effect of oral cannabidiol administration in addition to conventional antiepileptic treatment on seizure frequency in dogs with intractable idiopathic epilepsy.

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Authors: Stephanie McGrath, Lisa R. Bartner, Sangeeta Rao, Rebecca A. Packer, Daniel L. Gustafson
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 1 June 2019
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OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of oral cannabidiol (CBD) administration in addition to conventional antiepileptic treatment on seizure frequency in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy. DESIGN: Randomized blinded controlled clinical trial. ANIMALS: 26 client-owned dogs with intracta…

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Cannabinoids in depressive disorders.

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Authors: Ewa Poleszak, Sylwia Wośko, Karolina Sławińska, Aleksandra Szopa, Andrzej Wróbel, Anna Serefko
Life Sciences, 15 November 2018
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Cannabis sativa is one of the most popular recreational and medicinal plants. Benefits from use of cannabinoid agents in epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and others have been suggested. It seems that the endocannabinoid system is also inv…

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Localization of cannabinoid receptors CB1, CB2, GPR55, and PPARα in the canine gastrointestinal tract.

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Authors: Giorgia Galiazzo, Fiorella Giancola, Agnese Stanzani, Federico Fracassi, Chiara Bernardini, Monica Forni, Marco Pietra, Roberto Chiocchetti
Histochemistry and Cell Biology, August 2018
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The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is composed of cannabinoid receptors, their endogenous ligands, and the enzymes involved in endocannabinoid turnover. Modulating the activity of the ECS may influence a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes. A growing body o…

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Marijuana intoxication in a cat.

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Authors: Agnieszka Janeczek, Marcin Zawadzki, Pawel Szpot, Artur Niedzwiedz
Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, 11 July 2018
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BACKGROUND: Cannabis from hemp (Cannabis sativa and C. indica) is one of the most common illegal drugs used by drug abusers. Indian cannabis contains around 70 alkaloids, and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC) is the most psychoactive substance. Animal intoxications oc…

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Pharmacokinetics of cannabidiol administered by 3 delivery methods at 2 different dosages to healthy dogs.

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Authors: Lisa R. Bartner, Stephanie McGrath, Sangeeta Rao, Linda K. Hyatt, Luke A. Wittenburg
Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research, July 2018
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The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of cannabidiol (CBD) in healthy dogs. Thirty, healthy research dogs were assigned to receive 1 of 3 formulations (oral microencapsulated oil beads, oral CBD-infused oil, or CBD-infused transdermal cream), at a dos…

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Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Clinical Efficacy of Cannabidiol Treatment in Osteoarthritic Dogs.

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Authors: Lauri-Jo Gamble1, Jordyn M. Boesch, Christopher W. Frye, Wayne S. Schwark, Sabine Mann, Lisa Wolfe, Holly Brown, Erin S. Berthelsen, Joseph J. Wakshlag
Frontiers in Veterinary Science, July 2018
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Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine basic oral pharmacokinetics, and assess safety and analgesic efficacy of a cannabidiol (CBD) based oil in dogs with osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: Single-dose pharmacokinetics was performed using two different doses of…

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Cannabis use during pregnancy: Pharmacokinetics and effects on child development.

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Authors: Kimberly S.Grant, Rebekah Petroff, Nina Isoherranen, Nephi Stella, Thomas M. Burbacher
Pharmacology & Therapeutics, February 2018
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The broad-based legalization of cannabis use has created a strong need to understand its impact on human health and behavior. The risks that may be associated with cannabis use, particularly for sensitive subgroups such as pregnant women, are difficult to define because of a p…

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Characterization of endocannabinoids and related acylethanolamides in the synovial fluid of dogs with osteoarthritis: a pilot study.

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Authors: Carmela Valastro, Debora Campanile, Mariarosaria Marinaro, Delia Franchini, Fabiana Piscitelli, Roberta Verde, Vincenzo Di Marzo, Antonio Di Bello
BMC Veterinary Research, 6 November 2017
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BACKGROUND: Cannabis-based drugs have been shown to be effective in inflammatory diseases. A number of endocannabinoids including N- arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide, AEA) and 2-arachidonyl glycerol (2-AG) with activity at the cannabinoid receptors (CBR) CBR1 and CBR2, hav…

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Spatial distribution of cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) in normal canine central and peripheral nervous system.

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Authors: Jessica Freundt-Revilla, Kristel Kegler, Wolfgang Baumgärtner, Andrea Tipold
PLoS One, 10 July 2017
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The endocannabinoid system is a regulatory pathway consisting of two main types of cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) and their endogenous ligands, the endocannabinoids. The CB1 receptor is highly expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems (PNS) in mammalians and…

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An Update on Safety and Side Effects of Cannabidiol: A Review of Clinical Data and Relevant Animal Studies.

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Authors: Kerstin Iffland, Franjo Grotenhermen
Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 1 June 2017
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Introduction: This literature survey aims to extend the comprehensive survey performed by Bergamaschi et al. in 2011 on cannabidiol (CBD) safety and side effects. Apart from updating the literature, this article focuses on clinical studies and CBD potential interactions with o…

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The effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol on the dopamine system.

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Authors: Michael A. P. Bloomfield, Abhishekh H. Ashok, Nora D. Volkow, Oliver D. Howes
Nature, 17 November 2016
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The effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main psychoactive ingredient in cannabis, are a pressing concern for global mental health. Patterns of cannabis use are changing drastically owing to legalization, the availability of synthetic analogues (commonly termed spice)…

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